SELECT 
  products.product_id 
FROM 
  cscart_products as products 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories as products_categories ON products.product_id = products_categories.product_id 
WHERE 
  products.product_id = 24207 
  AND 1 
  AND products_categories.category_id IN (
    451, 211, 212, 213, 216, 215, 227, 228, 
    221, 224, 223, 1531, 450, 249, 434, 1650, 
    273, 291, 292, 293, 294, 359, 357, 3077, 
    449, 358, 464, 548, 549, 611, 774, 809, 
    876, 877, 878, 983, 1051, 1052, 1080, 
    3061, 3115, 3060, 3062, 1691, 1832, 
    1833, 1834, 1835, 1857, 1856, 1855, 
    1854, 1853, 1852, 1851, 1858, 1859, 
    1860, 1861, 1862, 1863, 1864, 1865, 
    1922, 1937, 1938, 1939, 2021, 2258, 
    2426, 2504, 2505, 2506, 2507, 2508, 
    2509, 2510, 2511, 2512, 2513, 2514, 
    2515, 2516, 2517, 2518, 2519, 2520, 
    2521, 2522, 2523, 2524, 2525, 2526, 
    2527, 2528, 2529, 2530, 2531, 2535, 
    2536, 2537, 2538, 2539, 2540, 2543, 
    2544, 2545, 2546, 2547, 2548, 2549, 
    2550, 3063
  )

Query time 0.00042

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "0.61"
    },
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "products",
          "access_type": "const",
          "possible_keys": [
            "PRIMARY"
          ],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "used_key_parts": [
            "product_id"
          ],
          "key_length": "3",
          "ref": [
            "const"
          ],
          "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
          "rows_produced_per_join": 1,
          "filtered": "100.00",
          "using_index": true,
          "cost_info": {
            "read_cost": "0.00",
            "eval_cost": "0.10",
            "prefix_cost": "0.00",
            "data_read_per_join": "5K"
          },
          "used_columns": [
            "product_id"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "products_categories",
          "access_type": "ref",
          "possible_keys": [
            "PRIMARY",
            "pt"
          ],
          "key": "pt",
          "used_key_parts": [
            "product_id"
          ],
          "key_length": "3",
          "ref": [
            "const"
          ],
          "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
          "rows_produced_per_join": 0,
          "filtered": "50.00",
          "using_index": true,
          "cost_info": {
            "read_cost": "0.51",
            "eval_cost": "0.05",
            "prefix_cost": "0.61",
            "data_read_per_join": "8"
          },
          "used_columns": [
            "product_id",
            "category_id"
          ],
          "attached_condition": "(`cscart_db`.`products_categories`.`category_id` in (451,211,212,213,216,215,227,228,221,224,223,1531,450,249,434,1650,273,291,292,293,294,359,357,3077,449,358,464,548,549,611,774,809,876,877,878,983,1051,1052,1080,3061,3115,3060,3062,1691,1832,1833,1834,1835,1857,1856,1855,1854,1853,1852,1851,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1922,1937,1938,1939,2021,2258,2426,2504,2505,2506,2507,2508,2509,2510,2511,2512,2513,2514,2515,2516,2517,2518,2519,2520,2521,2522,2523,2524,2525,2526,2527,2528,2529,2530,2531,2535,2536,2537,2538,2539,2540,2543,2544,2545,2546,2547,2548,2549,2550,3063))"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}