SELECT 
  target_id 
FROM 
  kl_likes 
WHERE 
  user_id = 38012 
  and type = 'Video_Video'

Query time 0.00028

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "1.10"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "kl_likes",
      "access_type": "ref",
      "possible_keys": [
        "user_id",
        "type"
      ],
      "key": "user_id",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "user_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "4",
      "ref": [
        "const"
      ],
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 0,
      "filtered": "24.36",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "1.00",
        "eval_cost": "0.02",
        "prefix_cost": "1.10",
        "data_read_per_join": "40"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "user_id",
        "target_id",
        "type"
      ],
      "attached_condition": "(`cscart_db`.`kl_likes`.`type` = 'Video_Video')"
    }
  }
}